Rune Source Library
Elder Futhark · 24
The Elder Futhark is an early Germanic 24-sign rune row. It is not the same as the 16-sign Younger Futhark dominant in the Viking Age. OmenHall shows reconstructed name, gloss, and confidence first; later witnesses next; modern divination only after that.
Elder Futhark · 24
Historical source row and OmenHall's main modern divination set.
Younger Futhark · 16
Separate Scandinavian Viking-Age development; educational layer, not an automatic divination clone.
Anglo-Saxon Futhorc
A separate later branch; important for witnesses such as Cen, but not a replacement for the Elder Futhark source.
First group of eight
Positions 1–8 of the rune row. OmenHall does not present the modern 'Freyr/Freyja's ætt' label as an established Migration-Period name.
Fehu
1/24 · f · *fehu
Source: cattle; wealth
Modern: resource · exchange
Uruz
2/24 · u · *uruR
Source: aurochs / wild ox
Modern: raw capacity · endurance
Thurisaz
3/24 · þ · *þurisaR
Source: thurs; giant / hostile being
Modern: friction · boundary
Ansuz
4/24 · a · *ansuR
Source: one of the Æsir; god
Modern: speech · counsel
Raidho
5/24 · r · *raidho
Source: riding; wagon
Modern: journey · sequence
Kenaz
6/24 · k · *kauna
Source: boil; sore
Modern: craft · clarity
Gebo
7/24 · g · *gebo
Source: gift
Modern: gift · reciprocity
Wunjo
8/24 · w · *wunjo
Source: joy
Modern: joy · harmony
Second group of eight
Positions 9–16. This group makes the source/modern split especially clear: Perthro remains semantically disputed, while protection for Algiz is a modern divinatory family.
Hagalaz
9/24 · h · *hagall
Source: hail
Modern: external disruption · uncontrolled conditions
Nauthiz
10/24 · n · *naudhiR
Source: need; constraint
Modern: necessity · constraint
Isa
11/24 · i · *isaR
Source: ice
Modern: pause · holding form
Jera
12/24 · j · *jára
Source: year
Modern: cycle · ripening
Eihwaz
13/24 · ï / ēo · *ïhwaR
Source: yew
Modern: resilience · threshold
Perthro
14/24 · p · *perþo
Source: unknown
Modern: unknown · chance / lot
Algiz
15/24 · z / R · *algiR
Source: elk (museum reconstruction)
Modern: boundary · vigilance
Sowilo
16/24 · s · *sowilo
Source: sun
Modern: visibility · energy
Third group of eight
Positions 17–24. The row closes from Tiwaz to Othala; modern themes are interpretive practice, not a single ancient oracle manual.
Tiwaz
17/24 · t · *tiwaR
Source: Týr; deity name
Modern: principle · duty
Berkano
18/24 · b · *berkana
Source: birch
Modern: growth · renewal
Ehwaz
19/24 · e · *ehwaR
Source: horse
Modern: movement · cooperation
Mannaz
20/24 · m · *mannaR
Source: person / man
Modern: person · role
Laguz
21/24 · l · *laukaR
Source: water / liquid in the museum reconstruction; terminology is debated
Modern: flow · adaptation
Ingwaz
22/24 · ŋ · *IngwaR
Source: Ing; divine/personal name
Modern: contained potential · maturation
Dagaz
23/24 · d · *dagaR
Source: day
Modern: daylight · perspective shift
Othala
24/24 · o · *oðila
Source: inheritance; inherited property
Modern: inheritance · home
Data provenance
The sources below support rune names, rune rows, and epigraphy. They do not prove a fixed ancient divinatory meaning system for all 24 signs.
National Museum of Denmark · rune names
Lists reconstructed Elder Futhark names and explicitly marks reconstructions with an asterisk.
RuneS · Kylver G 88
Epigraphic witness for a complete 24-sign Elder Futhark row.
Uppsala Runforum · Scandinavian Runic-text Database
Research database of inscriptions with transliteration, normalization, dating, and metadata.